While the evolutionary interests of mobile genetic elements may differ from those of their bacterial hosts, these elements can be beneficial for their hosts by delivering, disrupting, or activating genes. A recent paper by Sastre-Domínguez et al. describes a novel synergistic effect of mobile elements in clinically relevant bacteria, whereby conjugative plasmids that carry transposable elements can be agents of rapid adaptive change through an elevation in transposition-mediated mutation rate.
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