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A narrative review of the histone acetylation and deacetylation during mammalian spermatogenesis. | LitMetric

A narrative review of the histone acetylation and deacetylation during mammalian spermatogenesis.

Biochimie

Ankara Medipol University School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 06050, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address:

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Dynamic epigenetic control is crucial for spermatogenesis, which involves processes like recombination and meiosis, ultimately transforming histones into protamines.
  • Epigenetics modifies gene expression without altering DNA, influencing how spermatogonial stem cells differentiate through mechanisms such as histone modifications and DNA methylation.
  • The review emphasizes the roles of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating gene expression during mammalian spermatogenesis, detailing changes in their expression levels throughout this process.

Article Abstract

Dynamic epigenetic control is essential for proper spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis is a unique mechanism that includes recombination, meiosis, and the conversion of histones to protamines. Epigenetics refers to the ability to modify gene expression without affecting DNA strands directly and helps to regulate the dynamic gene expression throughout the differentiation process of spermatogonium stem cells. Histone alterations and DNA methylation control the epigenome. While histone modifications can result in either expression or repression depending on the type of modification, the type of histone protein, and its specific residue, histone acetylation is one of the changes that typically results in gene expression. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) add an acetyl group to the amino-terminal of the core histone proteins, causing histone acetylation. On the other hand, histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze histone deacetylation, which is linked to the suppression of gene expression. This review highlights the significance of HATs and HDACs during mammalian spermatogenesis and focuses on what is known about changes in their expression.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2024.11.011DOI Listing

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