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Ergogenic and Sympathomimetic Effects of Yohimbine: A Review.
Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
The purpose of this review is to compile and discuss available evidence in humans on the efficacy of YHM supplementation on performance in different exercise modalities. Yohimbine (YHM) is a naturally occurring alkaloid that induces increases in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation effectively initiating "fight or flight" responses. In supplement form, YHM is commonly sold as an isolated product or combined into multi-ingredient exercise supplements and is widely consumed in fitness settings despite the lack of empirical support until recently.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature-Inspired Approach: A Novel Rat Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization.
Biomimetics (Basel)
December 2024
School of Electrical and Photoelectronic Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China.
This work presents a rat optimization algorithm (ROA), which simulates the social behavior of rats and is a new nature-inspired optimization technique. The ROA consists of three operators that simulate rats searching for prey, chasing and fighting prey, and jumping and hunting prey to deal with optimization issues. The Levy flight strategy is introduced into the ROA to keep the algorithm from running into issues with slow convergence and local optimums.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContributions of associative and non-associative learning to the dynamics of defensive ethograms.
Elife
December 2024
Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States.
Defensive behavior changes based on threat intensity, proximity, and context of exposure, and learning about danger-predicting stimuli is critical for survival. However, most Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigms focus only on freezing behavior, obscuring the contributions of associative and non-associative mechanisms to dynamic defensive responses. To thoroughly investigate defensive ethograms, we subjected male and female adult C57BL/6 J mice to a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm that paired footshock with a serial compound stimulus (SCS) consisting of distinct tone and white noise (WN) stimulus periods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Early-Life Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplement and Home Environment on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation at 9-11 Years: A Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Matern Child Nutr
December 2024
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Nutrition and the home environment contribute to the development of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, no study has examined the long-term effects of prenatal and postnatal small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) and home environment on ANS regulation. We investigated the effect of early-life SQ-LNS and home environment on ANS regulation at 9-11 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Influence of Survival Context and Psychological Markers on Recall.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars
November 2024
Yalova University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Yalova, Türkiye.
Introduction: Research shows that stimuli rated for their relevance to a survival scenario have a higher recall probability when compared to other deep encoding conditions. This phenomenon, known as survival memory advantage, is a robust finding that has been demonstrated by various experimental manipulations. The current study aimed to examine associations between participants' psychological markers (perceived stress, anxiety, coping, cognitive control, and flexibility) and their memory performance in survival and other encoding conditions (fight, flight, and pleasantness).
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