AI Article Synopsis

  • Panicle number (PN) is crucial for rice yield and ideal plant architecture, making it important for breeders to understand its genetic mechanisms.
  • A genome-wide association study (GWAS) assessed 411 rice varieties and identified seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to PN across multiple years.
  • Further research is needed to explore the functions of candidate genes related to PN, which could enhance the development of rice varieties with higher panicle numbers through genetic engineering and molecular breeding.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Panicle number (PN) is one of the three key yield components in rice, maintaining stable tiller and PN is a crucial characteristic of an ideal plant architecture. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying PN is essential for breeders aiming to improve rice yield.

Methods: To dissect the genetic architecture of panicle number, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in 411 rice varieties. GWAS analysis was carried out with the mixed linear model using 743,678 high-quality SNPs.

Results: Over two experimental years, we detected a total of seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs), located on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 12; notably, and were detected consistently in both years. By combining haplotype and expression analyses, was identified as the candidate gene for , while and were identified as candidate genes for . Significant differences were observed among the haplotypes of these candidate genes. Additionally, qRT-PCR results showed that expression levels were significantly lower in accessions with high panicle numbers compared to those with low panicle numbers.

Discussion: To understand the natural biological function of these candidate genes, further research involving overexpression or silencing in rice is needed. Despite these challenges, our results will lay the foundation for further study of panicle development and provide valuable genetic resources for developing high-panicle-number rice cultivars using genetic engineering and molecular breeding.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11573766PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2024.1470294DOI Listing

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