AI Article Synopsis
- Astrocytes play crucial and underestimated roles in modulating neuronal circuits, particularly in the striatum, where they regulate dopamine transmission and interact closely with cholinergic interneurons (ChIs).
- The study reveals that striatal astrocytes rapidly excite ChIs and influence dopamine release through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, operating on very fast timescales.
- A unique anatomical configuration is observed, where ChI somata are closely located to astrocyte somata, allowing for a dynamic interaction that regulates ChI excitability and extracellular calcium, thus impacting overall striatal circuit activity and dopamine signaling.
Article Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly appreciated to possess underestimated and important roles in modulating neuronal circuits. Astrocytes in striatum can regulate dopamine transmission by governing the extracellular tone of axonal neuromodulators, including GABA and adenosine. However, here we reveal that striatal astrocytes occupy a cell type-specific anatomical and functional relationship with cholinergic interneurons (ChIs), through which they rapidly excite ChIs and govern dopamine release via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on subsecond timescales. We identify that ChI somata are in unexpectedly close proximity to astrocyte somata, in mouse and human, forming a "soma-to-soma" satellite-like configuration not typically observed for other striatal neurons. We find that transient depolarization of astrocytes in mouse striatum reversibly regulates ChI excitability by decreasing extracellular calcium. These findings reveal a privileged satellite astrocyte-interneuron interaction for striatal ChIs operating on subsecond timescales via regulation of extracellular calcium dynamics to shape downstream striatal circuit activity and dopamine signaling.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577008 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54253-7 | DOI Listing |
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