Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and healthcare access factors with self-reported diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence in a nationally representative sample of the United States.
Design: This is a population based, cross-sectional analysis.
Methods: Data from those who answered the question, "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that you had diabetic retinopathy?" from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) was analyzed through logistic regression to examine the association between DR prevalence and social determinants of health (SDH).
Results: Of 26,966 eligible NHIS respondents (81.4%), 26,699 participants answered the DR question, of whom 266 (1.0%) self-reported a DR diagnosis. Multivariable analysis found a significant association between DR prevalence and the following social determinants of health:, poorer health status (OR = 5.9; 95% CI = 3.6-9.7; P < .001), disability (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3-3.2; P = .001), no employment status (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.2-2.9; P = .009), and living in Southern regions of the US (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1-3.3; P = .020). Not having a usual place for healthcare (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.7; P = .006) and female sex (OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-0.8; P = .002) were negatively associated with self-reported DR prevalence.
Conclusion: Multiple sociodemographic factors are associated with self-reported DR prevalence. Health care providers and policymakers should tailor future interventions to address SDH in a holistic model of DR screening and care.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.008 | DOI Listing |
Public Health Nutr
December 2024
Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, Nußallee 21, 53115 Bonn, Germany,
Objective: This study examines public support-and its drivers-for comprehensive policy packages (i.e., bundles of coherent policy measures introduced together) aimed at improving food environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Densitom
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar. Electronic address:
Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) is an indicator of bone health that predicts future bone fractures. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is used to assess the severity of symptoms related to pain, stiffness, and function in diseased hip and knee joints. Here we assessed whether BMD measured at specific sites predicts WOMAC scores in healthy individuals whilst controlling for sociodemographic variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz J Infect Dis
December 2024
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Urbana, IL, USA.
Objective: To outline the features of COVID-19 in Brazil through a countrywide telephone survey.
Methods: Data from the Telephone Survey of Risk Factors for Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases During the Pandemic (Covitel), a telephone survey of individuals aged 18 years or older from all macro-regions of Brazil, were used. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and outcomes related to COVID-19 infection, severity, vaccination, and use of masks.
Cancer Control
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Background: Despite Zambia implementing the World Health Organisation's (WHO) tri-pillar cervical cancer prevention goals 90-70-90 Prevent, Screen, and Treat, cervical cancer claims 2000 lives annually and reigns as the most common cancer among women, especially those living with HIV (WLHIV). Our study describes the national uptake of screening and treatment from the ZAMPHIA 2021 survey.
Methods: Utilising a two-stage cluster sampling approach, the study included participants aged 15 years and older across Zambia's ten provinces.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
December 2024
Children's Hospital Colorado, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine.
Objective: We aim to describe healthcare, vocational, and educational transitions in young adults with pediatric-onset disabilities and to examine the associations with social determinants of health and depressive symptoms.
Design: This cross-sectional study used multinomial and binary logistic regression to examine the associations of sociodemographic factors and depressive symptoms with healthcare, educational, and vocational transitions.
Setting: Participants were recruited from outpatient specialty clinics in a Rehabilitation Medicine department at a quaternary academic children's hospital.
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