Background: Japan is experiencing unprecedented decreasing birthrates. This preliminary study aimed to identify the municipalities in Aomori Prefecture that are successfully tacking declining birthrates using the Rurality Index for Japan (RIJ).
Methods: We obtained 100-level RIJ and census data from 1980 to 2020 for children (age < 15 years) in the municipal population of Aomori Prefecture.
Results: The analysis revealed generally weak but significant relationships between population variables and the RIJ.
Conclusions: The RIJ is effective for identifying good practice communities that have developed and implemented solutions to prevent declining birthrates at the community level.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.714 | DOI Listing |
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi
January 2025
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University.
Objectives Although childhood cancer treatment has recently become centralized at specialized hospitals worldwide, the relationship between mortality ratios and living in rural areas or traveling long distances for treatment remains controversial. In the present study, we examined whether regional differences in patient mobility and mortality ratios exist in Japan.Methods We investigated 10,713 patients with cancer aged ≤18 years, diagnosed between 2016 and 2019, registered in the national cancer registry data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Asian Development Bank Institute, Research, Tokyo, 100-6008, Japan.
Global food production predominantly depends on a limited number of cereal crops; however, numerous other crops have the potential to support the nutrition and economy of many local communities in developing countries. The different crop species characterized as having relatively low perceived economic importance or agricultural significance are known as underutilized crops. Millet is one of the underutilized crops with significant potential to address nutrient and hunger-related challenges in many developing countries like Nepal due to its versatility and climate resilience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
December 2024
Tsurui Village Office, Tsurui 085-1203, Japan.
The percentage of older drivers is increasing worldwide. Older adults are driving for their daily lives, including drivers who should not drive, "must-watch drivers", for health conditions, etc. The "Public Survey of Long-Term Care Prevention and Needs in Spheres of Daily Life (Needs Survey)", including the " Checklist (KCL)", is a triennial nationwide survey conducted by welfare administrations in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAIDS Care
January 2025
Policy Research Center, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Roppongi, Japan.
HIV stigma remains a barrier to HIV prevention, testing, and treatment in sub-Saharan Africa. This study uses Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey data to examine how education reduces HIV stigma, focusing on two key initiatives: the 1992 AIDS Action Program, which enhanced HIV awareness, and the 1980 education reform, which expanded schooling access. By addressing gaps in the literature on external HIV stigma, the study highlights education's long-term impact on attitudes toward people living with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasite
January 2025
Université de Franche-Comté, CNRS, Chrono-environnement, 25000 Besançon, France.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis, commonly known as the rat lungworm, causes Eosinophilic meningitis in humans. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of this parasite in rats in Haiti. Rats were trapped at 8 sites, 7 in Artibonite (rural region) and one in an urban area of Port-au-Prince.
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