Diversity analysis of livestock-associated nasal strains between animal and humans.

Background: has emerged as a major public health concern. It is a common pathogen in animal and human medicine.

Aim: Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used to fingerprint 10 strains of obtained from nasal swabs in domesticated animals and humans to ascertain how comparable the different strains' genetic makeup was.

Methods: These isolates were previously identified using standard molecular and microbiological methods. ERIC primers were amplified for all isolates. The dendrogram was generated using PGMA and the dice similarity coefficient. The strains were genotyped according to the diversity of sample source (human or animal), and the geographic source.

Results: Ten strains were classified into eight "ERIC" kinds (genotypes) using "ERIC-PCR genotyping", in which the two most common clones were genotypes 8 and 2, which were represented by one strain from humans, one from cows, and two strains from sheep. Two strains derived from separate geographic areas and from different sample sources (human and cow) were determined to share the same genotype. Another two strains from different geographic areas but from the same sample source (sheep) were categorized under the same genotype. All the remaining strains were classified as a singular genotype.

Conclusion: This study supports the possible bacterial transmission from animal to human and from animals themselves that usually happens during live animal marketing. Recognizing the interconnected nature of transmission systems and implementing the required approaches to disease prevention and control is essential for mitigating the risks posed by bacterial pathogens.