Background: The fungus comb is a unique structure inside termites' nests that facilitates the growth of sp. as a nutrient source for the termites. It is known to possess immunomodulatory properties that boost the immune system.
Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of ethyl acetate extract of fungus comb (EAEFC) on the inflammatory reaction in the spleen of mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Methods: An experimental study was conducted using a post-test-only control group design with male BALB/C mice ( = 24). The mice were divided randomly into four groups, each comprising six mice, and administered substances via gavage. Groups I and III were administered a solution of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in distilled water, while Groups II and IV were given 500 mg/kg BW EAEFC dissolved in 5% DMSO. On the fifteenth day, Groups I and II received intraperitoneal injections of 5 ml/kg BW saline, while Groups III and IV were injected with 10 mg/kg BW LPS dissolved in saline. After three hours, the mice were euthanized and splenic immunohistology was examined under a light microscope. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, while the group differences were assessed statistically.
Results: The expression of interleukin (IL)-1, furin, and activated NK cell was significantly higher in the inflamed model after EAEFC supplementation, while the extract suppressed IL-10.
Conclusion: EAEFC was found to alter cytokine expression in the spleen in response to inflammation.
Four salt-tolerant and aromatics degrading strains used in this study were isolated from polluted technogenic soil on the territory of the Verkhnekamsk potash deposit (Russia). The strains were aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-endospore-forming irregular rods, exhibiting a marked rod-coccus growth cycle. They contained lysine-based peptidoglycan, teichulosonic acid and poly(glycosyl phosphate) polymers in the cell walls.
Three fungus-feeding phlaeothripine genera included in the Phlaeothrips-lineage, Ecacanthothrips, Hoplandrothrips and Phlaeothrips, are studied taxonomically from Southeast Asia and Taiwan. Ten Ecacanthothrips species are recognised, in which one species is newly described from Bali Is., Indonesia: E.
Four Sueus Murayama, 1951 species occur in Southeast Asia and Oceania. They all likely have a female-biased haplodiploid inbreeding mating system and feed on symbiotic ambrosia fungi. These life history traits increase the potential of adventive events.
A hydrogenotrophic methanoarchaeon, designated strain FWC-SCC4, was isolated from cold seep sediment of Four-Way Closure Ridge, offshore southwestern Taiwan. Strain FWC-SCC4utilizes H/CO or formate, but not acetate, secondary alcohols, methylamines, methanol or ethanol for growth and methane production. Yeast extract is required for growth.
In recent years, veterinary telemedicine in France has gained traction due to tech advancements and a shortage of vets in rural areas, but there's limited research on its challenges and benefits.* !
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This study explores the factors affecting the adoption of telemedicine for livestock (bovine, poultry, and swine) by analyzing insights from farmers and veterinarians using the COM-B model to identify barriers and facilitators.* !
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Key challenges include tech issues, regulatory hurdles, and profession-related concerns, while advantages highlight vets' expertise and potential for remote care; clear regulations are vital for ethical practice and maximizing telemedicine's benefits.* !
