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Flagellum Pumping Efficiency in Shear-Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Microorganisms, like sperm and bacteria, swim through complex fluid environments that affect their motility and efficiency due to the unique properties of these fluids.
  • The interactions between the swimmer and the viscoelastic fluid can create effects that aren't found in simpler fluids, making swimming efficiency reliant on both the microorganism's swimming method and the fluid's characteristics.
  • Using a computational model, the study examines how changes in fluid properties, specifically shear-thinning, impact the efficiency of a flagellar motor in swimming, revealing that this efficiency can either improve or worsen with varying fluid conditions.

Article Abstract

Microorganism motility often takes place within complex, viscoelastic fluid environments, e.g., sperm in cervicovaginal mucus and bacteria in biofilms. In such complex fluids, strains and stresses generated by the microorganism are stored and relax across a spectrum of length and time scales and the complex fluid can be driven out of its linear response regime. Phenomena not possible in viscous media thereby arise from feedback between the swimmer and the complex fluid, making swimming efficiency co-dependent on the propulsion mechanism and fluid properties. Here we parameterize a flagellar motor and filament properties together with elastic relaxation and nonlinear shear-thinning properties of the fluid in a computational immersed boundary model. We then explore swimming efficiency, defined as a particular flow rate divided by the torque required to spin the motor, over this parameter space. Our findings indicate that motor efficiency (measured by the volumetric flow rate) can be boosted or degraded by relatively moderate or strong shear-thinning of the viscoelastic environment.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566911PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2024.666DOI Listing

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