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Epstein Barr virus: A cellular hijacker in cancer. | LitMetric

Epstein Barr virus: A cellular hijacker in cancer.

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer

Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), linked to various cancers like nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma, is highly prevalent, infecting over 90% of adults globally.
  • EBV causes a persistent latent infection in specific immune cells, influencing cancer development by inhibiting cell death and promoting excessive cell growth through its latent proteins.
  • Current research aims to create effective vaccines and diagnostic tools, while emphasizing the need for deeper understanding of EBV's role in immune evasion and cancer to enhance treatment strategies.

Article Abstract

Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), which was initially identified in 1964 while studying Burkitt's lymphoma, in the development of a number of cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. Gammaherpesvirus EBV is extremely common; by adulthood, over 90 % of people worldwide have been infected. Usually, the virus causes a permanent latent infection in B cells, epithelial cells, and NK/T cells. It then contributes to oncogenesis by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting unchecked cell proliferation through its latent proteins, which include EBNA-1, LMP1, and LMP2A. Tumor progression further accelerated by EBV's capacity to transition between latent and lytic phases, especially in cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of EBV has advanced, there are still difficulties in identifying latent infections and creating targeted therapeutics. To tackle EBV-associated malignancies, current research efforts are concentrated on developing vaccines, developing better diagnostic tools, and developing targeted treatments. In order to improve treatment approaches and lower the incidence of EBV-related cancers worldwide, more research into the relationship between EBV and immune evasion and cancer formation is necessary.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189218DOI Listing

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