Electrophysiological examinations are used in ophthalmology to determine the functionality of the neurons of the visual pathway. As electrophysiological examinations are independent of the subjective perception and response of the patient, they are considered to be objective functional diagnostics of vision. Electroretinography (ERG) is used to examine the retina (especially the photoreceptors), electro-oculography (EOG) is used to examine the functionality of the retinal pigment epithelium and visually evoked potentials (VEP) are used to evaluate the integrity of the entire visual pathway. Abnormalities in electrophysiological responses should always be interpreted in the context of other functional and morphological findings.
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