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Beyond the Scale: Exploring the Endocannabinoid System's Impact on Obesity. | LitMetric

Beyond the Scale: Exploring the Endocannabinoid System's Impact on Obesity.

Curr Diab Rep

Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The review examines how the endocannabinoid system (ECS) affects energy balance and metabolism, highlighting its role in obesity and related disorders.
  • Recent studies reveal the ECS's influence on food intake, fat storage, and insulin sensitivity, while also exploring its interactions with gut microbiota and genetic factors.
  • Although past ECS-targeting treatments faced challenges, new peripherally restricted CB1 antagonists may offer safer options for managing obesity, paving the way for future research and therapeutic strategies.*

Article Abstract

Purpose Of Review: This review explores the role of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in regulating energy balance, food intake, and metabolism, with a focus on how ECS dysregulation contributes to obesity. The goal is to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying obesity and its associated metabolic disorders.

Recent Findings: Recent research indicates that the ECS significantly influences food intake, fat storage, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation, all of which are central to the development and progression of obesity. New research areas include the interaction between the ECS and gut microbiota, circadian rhythms of the ECS, and the impact of genetic and epigenetic factors on ECS function. Interest in the therapeutic potential of targeting the ECS has grown, with earlier treatments like CB1 receptor antagonists showing mixed results in efficacy and safety. Evidence from both animal and human studies highlight the impact of elevated levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-AG on food intake, insulin resistance, visceral fat accumulation, and metabolic disturbances associated with obesity. The review explores the interaction between the ECS and other physiological systems, including gut-brain communication, circadian rhythms, as well as leptin and ghrelin signaling. Additionally, genetic and epigenetic factors influencing ECS function are examined, emphasizing their contribution to obesity susceptibility. While therapeutic approaches targeting the ECS, particularly CB1 receptor antagonism, have shown potential in managing obesity, the review acknowledges the challenges posed by central nervous system side effects in earlier treatments like rimonabant. However, recent advancements in peripherally restricted CB1 antagonists offer renewed hope for safer and more effective obesity treatments. The review concludes by addressing future research directions and therapeutic strategies to combat this global health challenge.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-024-01562-2DOI Listing

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