Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (PWAE) who experienced seizures during the acute phase.
Methods: Clinical data were collected from 84 patients diagnosed with AE at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January 2015 and January 2023. Patients were divided into seizure and non-seizure groups. Clinical characteristics of both groups were compared, including differences between anti-NMDAR and anti-LGI1 encephalitis within the seizure group. Due to the limited sample size and to avoid overfitting, we focused on univariate logistic regression analysis to identify individual prognostic factors.
Results: A total of 84 patients were enrolled, with 76.19% (64/84) in the seizure group and 23.81% (20/84) in the non-seizure group. The seizure group had a longer hospital stay ( = 0.013), higher rates of impaired consciousness ( = 0.001), and more frequent intensive care unit (ICU) admission ( = 0.011). They also had higher peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), leukocyte count, and uric acid levels ( = 0.038, = 0.006, = 0.020), and were more likely to show slow-wave rhythms on electroencephalography (EEG) ( = 0.031). At 2-year follow-up, there was no significant difference in prognosis between the seizure and non-seizure groups ( = 0.653), with 35.94% (23/64) of the seizure group having a poor prognosis. Status epilepticus (SE), complications, endotracheal intubation, mRS score at discharge, APE, and RITE scores increased the risk of poor prognosis (OR > 1), while intensive care and albumin reduced the risk (OR < 1).
Conclusion: Seizures are common in the early stages of AE, with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) characteristic of anti-LGI1 encephalitis and SE and super-refractory status epilepticus (Sup-RSE) frequently observed in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Seizure semiology across AE subtypes lacks specificity, and no symptoms clearly distinguish immune-mediated from non-immune causes. While seizures are linked to AE severity, particularly in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, they do not appear to impact overall prognosis. SE, complications, endotracheal intubation, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge, Antibody-Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE) score, Response to Immunotherapy in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (RITE) score, intensive care, and albumin were identified as significant prognostic factors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1474888 | DOI Listing |
Epilepsy Behav
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Dronninggata 28, 3004 Drammen, Norway. Electronic address:
Background: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a group of severe and heterogeneous epilepsies. Most of the affected patients have treatment refractory seizures, intellectual disability (ID), and multiple comorbidities. The condition has a negative impact on quality of life, both for the patients and their families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Genet
December 2024
Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Rome, Italy.
O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan (ODLURO) syndrome is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder mainly characterized by global development delay/intellectual disability, white matter abnormalities, and behavioral manifestations. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the KMT2E gene. Here we report seven new patients with loss-of-function KMT2E variants, six harboring frameshift/nonsense changes, and one with a 7q22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeizure
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; ERGO - Epilepsy Research Group of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Epilepsy Behav
December 2024
Department of Home Patient Care, Vocational College of Health Services, University of Bartın, Bartın, Turkey. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a peer education program on students' epilepsy knowledge, attitudes, and seizure first aid approaches.
Methods: This study utilized a one-group pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design. Peer educators provided training to 1343 peer students.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Objective: Epilepsy is associated with progressive cortical atrophy exceeding normal aging. We aimed to explore longitudinal cortical alterations in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and distinct surgery outcomes.
Methods: We obtained longitudinal T1-weighted MRI data in a well-designed cohort, including 53 operative TLE patients, 23 nonoperative TLE patients, and 23 healthy controls.
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