AI Article Synopsis
- Primary production plays a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems and the global carbon cycle, especially during winter months when many lakes are covered by ice.
- A study in Lake Hanzhang, China, explored how under-ice light conditions affect primary production during the ice-cover period, finding that only about 10% of light penetrates the thick ice, which can reach up to 31.6 cm, due to its optical properties related to bubble volume.
- The research indicated that phytoplankton can still photosynthesize under ice, with significant diurnal variations in primary production, emphasizing the need to understand these underwater processes in light of decreasing ice periods due to global warming.
Article Abstract
Primary production is a key factor in assessing aquatic ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. Despite the ice-cover period lasting several months in many lakes, less attention has been paid to primary production in winter under ice compared to the open water period. In particular, the relationship between light conditions under ice and associated primary production remain not fully understood. This study, conducted in Lake Hanzhang, China, during 2022-2023, investigated the impact of under-ice light on primary production to understand how it varies during the ice-cover period and how the optical properties of lake ice affect it. The ice structure and its optical properties were analyzed, and primary production was calculated using the Vertically Generalized Production Model. During ice growth, the maximum ice thickness reached 31.6 cm, and approximately 56 % of photosynthetically active irradiance was absorbed by the ice, with only around 10 % reaching the water beneath. The optical properties of the shallow lake ice were mainly related to the bubble volume within the ice, with a positive correlation between the extinction coefficient and bubble volume. Throughout the ice-cover period, the diurnal primary production in Lake Hanzhang varied substantially, with the average primary production under ice amounting to 148 mg C·m·d, indicating that photosynthesis can remain active under ice in winter. Our study revealed that the photosynthesis of phytoplankton is not restricted by ice-cover and that the growth and melting of the ice sheet are vital for primary production in the water beneath. These findings highlight the importance of studying underwater biological processes about the shortening ice period caused by global warming.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177512 | DOI Listing |
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