Egyptian coastal lakes; A state of the art review for Lake Idku.

Egypt faces increasing difficulties in ensuring the availability of sufficient water resources that meet high-quality and acceptable standards. Factors including population growth, economic expansion, and various human activities collectively contribute to the degradation of surface water characteristics. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the current condition of Idku Lake and propose viable solutions to alleviate the effects of pollution on the lake. Recent research studies corroborate the issues plaguing Egyptian coastal lakes, which include ecological degradation, habitat loss, widespread pollution from industrial, municipal, and agricultural runoff, as well as illegal fishing activities. This study reviews literature on Lake Idku, focusing on water quality assessment, sediment conditions, remote sensing, and water quality modeling. While extensive research has assessed water quality and sediments, there is a need for integrated remote sensing and modeling for comprehensive lake management. The study provides an extensive examination of Idku Lake, highlighting initiatives that align with the government's efforts to achieve sustainable development goals. The findings of this research give a comprehensive view for the decision makers to implement suitable mitigation measures.