Unlabelled: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis can sometimes lead to sinus node dysfunction. A 72-year-old Japanese man was admitted with faintness, and normal head computed tomography (CT) findings were observed. After hospitalization, the patient was diagnosed with sick sinus syndrome and experienced an Adams-Stokes attack. As a result, a permanent pacemaker was implanted. Subsequently, the patient began experiencing seizures intermittently. A repeat head CT scan revealed low-density areas in the left temporal lobe and insular cortex, and polymerase chain reaction revealed herpes simplex DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, intravenous acyclovir was administered immediately. However, the low-density areas on the head CT extended to both temporal lobes, and consciousness was not restored. Unfortunately, the patient developed aspiration pneumonia and died. Hence, it is important to consider the potential of herpes encephalitis in patients with sinus node dysfunction.
Learning Objective: When encountering a patient with sinus node dysfunction, it is necessary to consider the possibility of herpes encephalitis as one of the differential diagnoses, especially in atypical cases. Early diagnosis of herpes encephalitis can reduce the risk of death and the need for permanent pacemaker implantation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jccase.2024.07.005 | DOI Listing |
Cell Rep
December 2024
Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address:
We sought to characterize cellular composition across the cardiovascular system of the healthy Wistar rat, an important model in preclinical cardiovascular research. We performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) in 78 samples in 10 distinct regions, including the four chambers of the heart, ventricular septum, sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, aorta, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary veins, which produced 505,835 nuclei. We identified 26 distinct cell types and additional subtypes, with different cellular composition across cardiac regions and tissue-specific transcription for each cell type.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
December 2024
Division of Cardiology, Cardio-Thoracic Department, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Background: Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) have been shown to significantly improve the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). The incidence and characterization of bradyarrhythmias in this subset of patients is still unknown.
Methods: All consecutive patients who received ILRs, after an ESUS, between March 2015 and December 2022 in our Center were retrospectively enrolled and analyzed.
Cardiol Rev
November 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Islamabad, Pakistan.
A fraction of patients (approximately 10%) undergoing heart transplantation require permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation due to sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular block, occurring either shortly after surgery or later. The incidence of PPM implantation has declined to less than 5% with the introduction of bicaval anastomosis transplantation surgery. Pacing dependency during follow-up varies among recipients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirc Arrhythm Electrophysiol
December 2024
Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Background: Patients undergoing first-time atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation can benefit from targeting non-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers. Preprocedural identification of high-risk individuals can guide planning of ablation strategy. This study aimed to create a preprocedural screening tool to identify patients at risk of non-PV triggers during first-time AF ablation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Background: The sinoatrial node (SN) generates the heart rate (HR). Its spontaneous activity is regulated by a complex interplay between the modulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and intrinsic factors including ion channels in SN cells. However, the systemic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms are still poorly understood.
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