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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_66_24 | DOI Listing |
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Effectiveness of educational interventions in United States schools to prevent opioid-related harms: A systematic review.
Addict Behav
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. Electronic address:
Issues: The opioid crisis in North America has increased concerns about adolescent problematic opioid use. Schools are crucial in prevention efforts, but the effectiveness of school-based educational programs is debated. This review evaluates the effectiveness of school-based opioid education programs in preventing opioid-related harms, and improving knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about opioids among youth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Intrathecal Pump Misadventure in Two Acts: An Unrecognized Partial Pocket Fill Followed by an Unusual Withdrawal Syndrome Two Months Later.
J Palliat Med
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
We present a case of a patient with an intrathecal pump who experienced an unrecognized partial pocket fill, leading to an atypical opioid withdrawal characterized by akathisia. A 57-year-old female with multiple myeloma presented to an emergency department with new-onset akathisia requiring admission. Eight weeks prior, her intrathecal pump was refilled with morphine, bupivacaine, and ziconotide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis and biological evaluation of new dual APN/NEP inhibitors as potent analgesics.
Bioorg Chem
January 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. Electronic address:
An alternative approach for the management of acute and chronic pains involves prolonging the half-life of endogenous opiates, such as enkephalins that are released in response to nociceptive stimuli. This can be achieved through the inhibition of enzymatic pathways responsible for the hydrolysis of these peptides, particularly targeting Aminopeptidase N (APN) and Neutral Endopeptidase (NEP). In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of dual enkephalinase inhibitors (DENKIs) targeting both APN and NEP as novel analgesic treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreating Opioid Use Disorder and Opioid Withdrawal in the Context of Fentanyl.
Annu Rev Clin Psychol
January 2025
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; email:
The opioid crisis, driven by illicitly manufactured fentanyl, presents significant challenges in treating opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid withdrawal syndrome. Fentanyl is uniquely lethal due to its rapid onset and respiratory depressant effects, driving the surge in overdose deaths. This review examines the limitations of traditional diagnostic criteria like those of the , Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) and explores the potential of dimensional models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) for a more nuanced understanding of OUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToward Developing Alternative Opioid Antagonists for Treating Community Overdose: A Model-Based Evaluation of Important Pharmacological Attributes.
Clin Pharmacol Ther
January 2025
Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
In response to increased illicit use of synthetic opioids, various μ-receptor antagonist formulations, with varied pharmacological characteristics, have been and are being developed. To understand how pharmacologic characteristics such as absorption rate and clearance rate affect reversal in treating community opioid overdose, we used our previously published translational opioid model. We adapted this model with in vitro receptor binding data and clinical pharmacokinetic data of three intranasal nalmefene formulations along with an intranasal naloxone formulation to study the reversal of fentanyl and carfentanil-induced respiratory depression in chronic opioid users.
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