Introduction: Globally, hypertension is considered a public health problem affecting over 1.3 billion individuals of which 60% need reminders to take medication to achieve adherence, optimal blood pressure and avert complications. Literature shows electronic short message reminders (eSMS) improved medication adherence.
Objective: To determine the effect of e-SMS reminders on medication adherence among hypertensive patients in Katsina State.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was employed to determine the effect of e-SMS reminders on medication adherence among 252 control and 252 intervention groups selected using a multistage sampling technique. e-SMS reminders were sent to the intervention group only. Data was collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire, and analysed using IBM-SPSS-25, while medication adherence was assessed using the 8-item Modified Morisky Adherence Scale.
Results: The commonest respondents' age group was 40-49 years (23.8%) and Male-Female ratio was 0.8:1 Majority were Hausas (97.6%) by tribe and Muslims (98%). Adherence in the study group was 59.5% and 75.9% (P<0.001) that of the control group was 63.1% and 66% at pre and post-intervention stages respectively. Factors associated with adherence in the intervention group were sex, occupation, insurance coverage, and being in the 4th wealth quintile. e-SMS reminder increased adherence in the intervention groups by >16% (P<0.001) In the control group, males were 3.4 times more likely to adhere to medication than females (aOR 3.4; 95% CI 1.4-8.3) while in the intervention group, business tycoons were 3 times more likely to adhere to medication than other occupations (aOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.006-13.75;).
Conclusion: e-SMS reminders significantly increased adherence to the intervention. Determinants of adherence were occupation, male sex, insurance coverage, and being in the 4th wealth quintile. It is recommended that the State Hospital Management Board integrate e-SMS reminders as part of hypertension treatment protocols due to their potential to improve medication adherence.
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