The CRISPR/Cas system is a very powerful genome-editing tool that has been developed over the past decade to optimize genome editing for many organisms. Here, we describe a rapid genome-editing method for fission yeast using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. It allows rapid generation of desired auxotrophic and non-auxotrophic strains without perturbing the local genome content by avoiding the insertion of selection markers at target loci.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4168-2_11 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
Eukaryotic translation release factor eRF1 is an important cellular protein that plays a key role in translation termination, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), and readthrough of stop codons. The amount of eRF1 in the cell influences all these processes. The mechanism of regulation of eRF1 translation through an autoregulatory NMD-dependent expression circuit has been described for plants and fungi, but the mechanisms of regulation of human eRF1 translation have not yet been studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Center of Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia.
To successfully apply the genome editing technology using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the clinic, it is necessary to achieve a high efficiency of knock-in, which is insertion of a genetic construct into a given locus of the target cell genome. One of the approaches to increase the efficiency of knock-in is to modify donor DNA with the same Cas9 targeting sites (CTS) that are used to induce double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the cell genome (the double-cut donor method). Another approach is based on introducing truncated CTS (tCTS), including a PAM site and 16 proximal nucleotides, into the donor DNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Center of Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia.
The low knock-in efficiency, especially in primary human cells, limits the use of the genome editing technology for therapeutic purposes, rendering it important to develop approaches for increasing the knock-in levels. In this work, the efficiencies of several approaches were studied using a model of knock-in of a construct coding for the peptide HIV fusion inhibitor MT-C34 into the human CXCR4 locus in the CEM/R5 T cell line. First, donor DNA modification was evaluated as a means to improve the efficiency of plasmid transport into the nucleus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Institute of Functional Genomics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
The CRISPR/Cas technology of targeted genome editing made it possible to carry out genetic engineering manipulations with eukaryotic genomes with a high efficiency. Targeted induction of site-specific DNA breaks is one of the key stages of the technology. The cell repairs the breaks via one of the two pathways, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-driven repair (HDR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Institute of Functional Genomics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
Modern genetic engineering technologies, such as base editing and prime editing (PE), have proven to provide the efficient and reliable genome editing tools that obviate the need for donor templates and double-strand breaks (DSBs) introduced in DNA. Relatively new, they quickly gained recognition for their accuracy, simplicity, and multiplexing capabilities. The review summarizes the new literature on the technologies and considers their architecture, methods to create editors, specificity, efficiency, and versatility.
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