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Zinc oxide nanoparticles with catalase-like nanozyme activity and near-infrared light response: A combination of effective photodynamic therapy, autophagy, ferroptosis, and antitumor immunity. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study developed biocompatible zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) that can convert near-infrared light into visible light and have catalase-like activity to enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) in tumors.
  • - By using ZnO NPs as carriers for the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6), the researchers addressed challenges in light penetration and tumor hypoxia, allowing for more effective treatment under long-wavelength light.
  • - ZnO NPs not only boost photodynamic effects by generating reactive oxygen species and enhancing immune responses against tumors but also induce cell death (ferroptosis) independently of light, contributing to their antitumor potential.

Article Abstract

We prepared biocompatible and environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with upconversion properties and catalase-like nanozyme activity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) application is severely limited by the poor penetration of UV-Visible light and a hypoxic tumor environment. Here, we used ZnO NPs as a carrier for the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to construct zinc oxide-chlorin e6 nanoparticles (ZnO-Ce6 NPs), simultaneously addressing both problems. In terms of penetration, ZnO NPs convert 808 nm near-infrared light into 401 nm visible light to excite Ce6, achieving deep-penetrating photodynamic therapy under long-wavelength light. Interestingly, the ability to emit short-wavelength light under long-wavelength light is usually observed in upconversion nanoparticles. As nanozymes, ZnO NPs can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in tumors, providing oxygen for photodynamic action and relieving hypoxia. The enhanced photodynamic action produces a large amount of reactive oxygen species, which overactivate autophagy and trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD), leading to antitumor immunotherapy. In addition, even in the absence of light, ZnO and ZnO-Ce6 NPs can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells and exert antitumor effects.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544279PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2024.07.002DOI Listing

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