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The prevention and improvement effects of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from an umbrella review on Meta-analyses of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. | LitMetric
Nutritional and Food Science Research Institute, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Published: October 2024
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: To clarify whether Vitamin D prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improve glucose control in T2DM patients, we conducted this umbrella review, taking into account the inconsistent results of existing Meta-analyses. We aim to reveal the causal relationship between Vitamin D and T2DM through summarizing Meta-analyses of observational studies, and clarify the improvement on glucose control in T2DM patients through summarizing Meta-analyses of RCT studies between Vitamin D supplementation and T2DM patients, especially in T2DM patients with Vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: We collected the Meta-analyses of observational studies and RCTs in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane.
Results: 16 Meta-analyses (6 effect sizes for cohort studies and 10 effect sizes for RCTs) were included in the umbrella Meta-analyses. Random-effects model was carried out to calculate the pooled point estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). The results revealed that lower 25(OH)D levels increased the risk of T2DM (Pooled ES = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.16, 1.53), Vitamin D supplementation ameliorated FBG (ES = -0.56; 95%CI: -1.00, -0.11), HbA1c (ES = -0.11; 95%CI: -0.20, -0.02), insulin (ES = -0.38; 95%CI: -0.59, -0.18) and HOMA-IR (ES = -0.37; 95%CI: -0.57, -0.16) in T2DM patients, especially in those with Vitamin D deficiency (FBG = -0.98; HbA1c = -0.27; HOMA-IR = -0.52).
Conclusion: The present umbrella Meta-analyses demonstrates the potential benefits of higher serum Vitamin D levels and Vitamin D supplementation in reducing the development and symptoms of T2DM.
