[Gastrodin alleviates microglia-mediated inflammatory responses in neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by regulating CCR5/AKT signaling].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism behind the protective effects of gastrodin against microglia-mediated inflammatory responses following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal mice.

Methods: Thirty-six 10-day-old C57BL/6J mice were randomized into sham-operated group, HIBD (induced by ligation of the left common carotid artery followed by hypoxia for 40 min) group, and HIBD with gastrodin treatment groups (=12). In gastrodin treatment group, 100 mg/kg gastrodin was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before and at 2 and 12 h after hypoxia. After the treatments, the expressions of CCR5, AKT, p-AKT, and TNF- and the co-expression of IBA1 and CCR5 in the corpus callosum of the mice were detected with Western blotting and immunofluorescence double staining. In a BV2 microglial cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), the effects of pretreatment with gastrodin and Maraviroc (an CCR5 antagonist) on protein expressions of CCR5, AKT, p-AKT, TNF- and IL-1β were evaluated using Western blotting and immunofluorescence double staining.

Results: The neonatal mice with HIBD showed significantly increased expressions of CCR5 and TNF- with lowered p-AKT expression in the brain tissues, and GAS treatment obviously reversed these changes. HIBD also significantly increased the co-expression of IBA1 and CCR5 in the corpus callosum of the mice, which was obviously lowered by gastrodin treatment. In BV2 cells, OGD significantly increased the expressions of CCR5, TNF-, and IL-1β and decreased the expression of p-AKT, and these changes were inhibited by treatment with gastrodin, Maraviroc or their combination; the inhibitory effect of the combined treatment did not differ significantly from that of gastrodin or Maraviroc alone.

Conclusion: Gastrodin can produce neuroprotective effects in neonatal mice with HIBD by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production and activate AKT phosphorylation inhibiting CCR5.