Many phytopathogens' gene products that contribute to plant-pathogen interactions remain unexplored. In one of the most harmful phytopathogenic bacterium (), phosphonate-related genes have been previously shown to be among the most upregulated following host plant colonization. However, phosphonates, compounds characterized by a carbon-phosphorus bond in their composition, have not been described in species and other phytopathogenic bacteria, with the exception of and . Our study aimed to determine whether synthesizes extracellular phosphonates and, if so, to analyze their physiological functions. We demonstrated that produces two types of extracellular phosphonates: 2-diethoxyphosphorylethanamine and phenylphosphonic acid. Notably, such structures have not been previously described among natural phosphonates. The production of phosphonates was shown to be positively regulated by quorum sensing and in the presence of pectic compounds. phosphonates were found to have a positive effect on stress resistance and a negative effect on virulence. The discovered phosphonates are discussed as metabolites that enable to control its "harmful properties", thereby maintaining its ecological niche (the host plant) in a relatively functional state for an extended period.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111516 | DOI Listing |
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