AI Article Synopsis

  • - Cadmium (Cd) causes oxidative stress in plants, and the study focuses on the role of glutaredoxins (GRXs), specifically Arabidopsis GRX480, in helping plants tolerate Cd toxicity.
  • - GRX480 mutants show increased sensitivity to Cd, with negative effects on root growth, biomass, chlorophyll levels, and photosynthesis, leading to higher Cd accumulation in the plants.
  • - The research suggests GRX480 plays a vital role in balancing glutathione levels and managing reactive oxygen species, which contribute to the plant's ability to detoxify and maintain redox balance under Cd stress.

Article Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) toxicity causes oxidative stress damage in plant cells. Glutaredoxins (GRXs), a type of small oxidoreductase, play a crucial role in modulating thiol redox states. However, whether GRXs act in Cd stress remains to be identified. Here, we reveal that Arabidopsis GRX480, a member of the CC-type family, enhances plant Cd stress tolerance. The mutants exhibit enhanced sensitivity to Cd stress, manifested by shortened root, reduced biomass, lower chlorophyll and proline levels, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency compared with the wild type. The Cd concentration in mutants is higher than the wild type, resulting from the inhibition of Cd efflux and transport genes transcription. Lower levels of GSH were detected in Cd-treated mutants than in the wild type, indicating that regulates plant Cd tolerance by influencing the balance between GSH and GSSG. Furthermore, the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with decreased expression of HO scavenging genes in Cd-treated mutants. Additionally, more toxic reactive carbonyl species (RCS), produced during oxidative stress, accumulate in Cd-treated mutants than in wild type. Overall, our study establishes a critical role of GRX480 in response to Cd stress, highlighting its multifaceted contributions to detoxification and the maintenance of redox homeostasis.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546484PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111455DOI Listing

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