Mycobacterium bovis is one of the species belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex; its attenuated form-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-is used as a live vaccine against tuberculosis. Besides its use as a vaccine, BCG is widely used for treating bladder cancer. However, complications related to its use can lead to disseminated infection with M. bovis, known as BCGosis. BCGosis has multiple manifestations, and its culture requires a long time and complex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), posing challenges to its diagnosis. Herein, we report a case of a 74-year-old man with bladder cancer in whom multiple new arterial aneurysms developed during spondylitis treatment following intravesical BCG administration. The patient presented with syncope and left neck swelling. His medical history included transurethral bladder tumor resection and intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer. Sixteen months before he visited our institution, he developed spondylitis (L5/S1), an epidural abscess (L5/S1), and an abscess on the right thigh. Biopsy cultures and PCR confirmed M. tuberculosis complex, leading to antituberculosis drug therapy. Upon admission, multiple aneurysms were identified, and drug therapy was continued. However, new multiple aneurysms developed with the rupture of the right femoral aneurysm, leading to surgical interventions and arterial biopsy. The biopsy showed no signs of mycobacterial infection. Other aneurysm etiologies were ruled out and M. bovis was confirmed by PCR in the specimen from the initial intervertebral disc biopsy; thus, a diagnosis of BCGosis was made. This case highlights the importance of a thorough follow-up to detect new complications, even during treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2024.10.017 | DOI Listing |
Background: Previous observational studies examining the relationship between cadmium exposure and various cancers have yielded conflicting results. This study aims to comprehensively clarify the relationship between blood cadmium concentration (BCC) and nine specific cancers.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 identified 36,991 participants.
Jpn J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the oncological outcomes of the subtype of urothelial carcinoma (SUC), including divergent differentiation and histologic subtype, in comparison with those of pure urothelial carcinoma (PUC) in nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who were initially treated with transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) between March 2005 and August 2020 at a single institution. Patients with PUC and SUC were compared in terms of recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).
Cell Biosci
December 2024
The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Background: Aberrant interplay between epigenetic reprogramming and metabolic rewiring events contributes to bladder cancer progression and metastasis. How the deacetylase Sirtuin-6 (SIRT6) regulates glycolysis and lactate secretion in bladder cancer remains poorly defined. We thus aimed to study the biological functions of SIRT6 in bladder cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Urol
December 2024
Prokarium Ltd, 2 Royal College St, London, NW1 0NH, UK.
Background: Urine biomarkers are crucial for monitoring patient responses in treating urological pathologies, including non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Yet, analysing urine biomarkers poses several challenges, including ensuring specimen stability during transportation and analytical processing. This prospective feasibility study aimed to investigate how urinary leukocytes and proteins are impacted by storing and refrigerating urine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Probl Cancer
December 2024
Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Genitourinary cancers affect over 480,000 patients in the United States annually. While promising therapeutic modalities continue to emerge, notably immune checkpoint inhibitors, molecular targeted therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, and radioligand therapies, these treatments are associated with a spectrum of adverse side-effects, including ophthalmologic toxicities. In this review, we cover the most commonly used antineoplastic agents for the kidneys, bladder, urinary tracts, prostate, testis, and penis, detailing mechanism, indication, and recent trials supporting their use.
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