Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is widely applied to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Various treatment targets are currently being explored in clinical research. However, target diversity can result in considerable heterogeneity.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether different rTMS targets can enhance cognitive domains by modulating functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampus (HIP) and triple network, which comprises the salience network (SN), central executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN).
Methods: We enrolled 63 patients with AD, of whom 48 and 15 underwent rTMS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the bilateral angular gyrus (ANG), respectively. We examined the network-level FC differences within the triple-network before and after treatment. Additionally, we utilized HIP as a seed for voxel-level analysis. We compared the similarities and differences in the effects of dlPFC and ANG rTMS.
Results: rTMS targeting the dlPFC primarily influenced the FC of the CEN, whereas rTMS targeting the ANG primarily influenced the SN and DMN. Moreover, the right temporal lobe within the DMN exhibited reduced FC with the left HIP following both therapies. The results of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis indicated that hippocampal-cortex FC played a dominant role in the therapeutic effect. The observed FC changes significantly correlated with improvements in multiple cognitive scales.
Conclusion: rTMS targeting different regions affected the FC of specific networks. Both stimulation targets modulate the FC of hippocampal-cortex to influence therapeutic outcomes. Classification of patients based on damaged networks can further inform subsequent treatment strategies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2024.11.003 | DOI Listing |
Neurorehabil Neural Repair
December 2024
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Although various repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and theta burst stimulation (TBS) protocols are used, their comparative effectiveness for treating poststroke hemineglect remains unassessed.
Objective: To investigate rTMS and TBS effects on clinical outcomes in poststroke hemineglect through a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases up to March 7, 2024, for trials on rTMS or TBS in poststroke hemineglect.
Front Neurosci
December 2024
Memory and Brain Wellness Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cerebral amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles and disruption of large-scale brain networks (LSBNs). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a potential non-invasive AD treatment that may serve as an adjunct therapy with FDA approved medications.
Methods: We conducted a 10-subject open label, single site study evaluating the effect of functional connectivity-resting state functional MRI guided-approach to TMS targeting with dysfunctional LSBNs in subjects with biomarker-confirmed early-stage AD (https://clinicaltrials.
Front Psychol
December 2024
Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Background: This meta-analysis investigates the role of specific brain regions in semantic control processes using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). According to the Controlled Semantic Cognition framework, control processes help manage the contextually appropriate retrieval of semantic information by activating a distributed neural network, including the inferior frontal gyrus, the posterior middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule. Lesions in these areas can lead to difficulties in manipulating weakly activated or competing semantic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurophysiol
December 2024
Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
In a recently developed associative rehabilitative brain computer interface system, electroencephalography is used to identify the most active phase of the motor cortex during attempted movement and deliver precisely timed peripheral stimulation during training. This approach has been demonstrated to facilitate corticospinal excitability and functional recovery in patients with lower limb weakness following stroke. The current study expands those findings by investigating changes in corticospinal excitability following the associative BCI intervention in post-stroke patients with upper limb weakness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Neurother
December 2024
Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can have debilitating effects on quality of life, and conventional treatments show mixed results. Neuromodulation is emerging as a promising approach for treating PTSD. This review examines current neuromodulatory treatments for PTSD, and highlights methodologies, clinical outcomes, and gaps in the literature to help guide future research.
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