AI Article Synopsis
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting brain areas linked to cognition and personality, and this study aimed to explore retinal and choroidal changes in FTD patients compared to cognitively normal individuals using specialized imaging techniques.
- The study involved analyzing various retinal imaging parameters in 19 FTD patients and 48 control participants, using methods like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) to assess differences in retinal tissue and blood flow.
- Results indicated significant reductions in macular perfusion density and vessel density in FTD patients, suggesting that retinal changes could serve as potential biomarkers for early detection of FTD, warranting further research using noninvasive imaging techniques.
Article Abstract
Objective: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to cognitive decline and personality changes. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to characterize angioarchitectural changes in the retina and choroid of individuals with FTD compared to cognitively normal controls using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).
Methods: Cross-sectional comparison of patients with FTD and controls with normal cognition. All participants underwent Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at the time of imaging. Outcome measures included OCT parameters: retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, central subfield thickness (CST), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal vascularity index (CVI); and OCTA superficial capillary plexus parameters: foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, 3x3mm and 6x6mm macular perfusion density (PD) and vessel density (VD), 4.5x4.5mm peripapillary capillary perfusion density (CPD) and capillary flux index (CFI). Generalized estimating equation analysis was used to account for the inclusion of 2 eyes from the same participant.
Results: 29 eyes of 19 patients with FTD and 85 eyes of 48 controls were analyzed. In FTD, 3x3mm macular PD (p = 0.02) and VD (p = 0.02) and CFI (p = 0.01) were reduced compared to controls. There was no difference in average 4.5x4.5mm CPD, RNFL thickness, GC-IPL thickness, CST, SFCT, CVI, FAZ, or 6x6mm VD or PD between FTD and controls (all p > 0.05); however, there was a trend toward lower macular 6x6mm PD and VD in patients with FTD.
Conclusion: Decline of peripapillary and macular OCT and OCTA parameters merit further investigation as potential biomarkers for FTD detection. Noninvasive retinal and choroidal imaging may hold promise for earlier detection, and future longitudinal studies will clarify their role in monitoring of FTD.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11548753 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0312118 | PLOS |
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