Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Suvorexant and Lemborexant: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Given the risks of long-term benzodiazepine use, safer alternatives like orexin receptor antagonists (ORAs) are needed for insomnia treatment. This study aims to compare suvorexant and lemborexant, focusing on early-stage sleep duration as an efficacy measure and fall incidence as a safety measure.

Methods: We included patients admitted to our hospital between April 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022, who were newly prescribed suvorexant or lemborexant, excluding patients taking other concomitant sleep medications or antipsychotics. Primary and secondary endpoints were sleep duration during the first three days after taking the medications and the incidence of falls, respectively.

Results: We analyzed data from 48 and 57 patients taking suvorexant and lemborexant, respectively. When compared with that in the pre-treatment period, sleep duration was significantly longer on days 2 and 3 in the suvorexant group, and on all three days in the lemborexant group. On day 1 of drug administration, the lemborexant group had a significantly longer sleep duration than the suvorexant group (5.10 ± 1.84 vs. 5.93 ± 1.90 h, respectively; P = 0.017). Zero (0.0%) and three (5.3%) falls occurred in the suvorexant and lemborexant groups, respectively (P = 0.248).

Conclusions: Lemborexant exerted a potent inhibitory effect on orexin 2 receptors, which could explain the longer sleep duration experienced by patients taking this drug on the first day of treatment.