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Therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance of levothyroxine liquid and softgel formulations taken with meals: a systematic review.
Endocrine
January 2025
Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.
Purpose: Levothyroxine (L-T4) is the drug of choice for treating primary hypothyroidism. L-T4 tablets should be taken at least 30 min before breakfast. Several studies have suggested that serum thyroid profile is not affected by concomitant intake of liquid/softgel L-T4 with meals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiological and metabolic responses in Kök-Börü horses: Correlations with game outcomes.
Vet Med Sci
May 2024
Department of Zootechny, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Türkiye.
Background: The aim of this study was to examine variations in stress, metabolic, and physiological parameters of horses used in the traditional equestrian team sport of Kök-Börü in relation to winning and losing outcomes.
Material And Methods: To accomplish this, blood samples were taken from horses on four different teams who participated in two separate games, both before and after game. These samples were used to measure levels of cortisol, ACTH, beta-endorphin, adrenaline, noradrenaline, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) via species-specific commercial ELISA kits.
A Yet Unrecognized Cause of Unusually High Levothyroxine Replacement Dose: Protein-Losing Enteropathy.
AACE Clin Case Rep
April 2023
Division of Endocrinology, University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
Background/objective: Large amount of protein wasting such as in nephrotic syndrome is a rare cause of high levothyroxine (LT4) replacement dose requirement. A case has been reported here that demonstrates that protein-losing enteropathy is a novel and yet unrecognized cause of high LT4 replacement dose requirement.
Case Report: A 21-year-old man with congenital heart disease was found to have primary hypothyroidism and started LT4 replacement.
Warm perches: a novel approach for reducing cold stress effect on production, plasma hormones, and immunity in laying hens.
Poult Sci
August 2021
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address:
Cold temperature is a common environmental stressor that induces pathophysiological stress in birds with profound economic losses. Current methods used for preventing cold stress, such as reducing ventilation and using gas heaters, are facing challenges due to poor indoor air quality and deleterious effects on bird and caretaker health. The aim of this study was to examine if the novel designed warmed perch system, as a thermal device, can reduce cold stress-associated adverse effects on laying hens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of specific binding proteins on immunoassay measurements of total and free thyroid hormones and cortisol.
Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab
January 2021
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20892-0001, USA.
Background: Immunoassay (IA) measurements of thyroid hormones have previously given inaccurate results of triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) when concentrations of TBG are low. We evaluate the hypothesis that abnormal concentrations of specific binding proteins (BPs) affect IA measurements and provide results which might misguide the diagnosis and treatment of patients. This study assesses IAs for the measurement of T3, FT3, and cortisol when levels of TBG and CBG are high or low.
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