The power and ability of catalysis to build multiple C-C bonds in a single step has had a transformative impact on organic synthesis. While the reactivity of organohalides with metal catalysts is widely appreciated, the related and more intricate reactivity of acid chlorides is less so, despite their use as common reagents in synthesis. Here, we review the transformations of acid chlorides in combination with unsaturated C-C bonds catalyzed by palladium, rhodium, or iridium and provide an outlook for future research opportunities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202401852 | DOI Listing |
Org Biomol Chem
January 2025
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Recent advancements in C-S bond formation electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex photoactivation have been remarkable. EDA complexes, which are composed of electron donors and acceptors, facilitate C-S bond construction under mild conditions through single-electron transfer events upon visible light irradiation. This review highlights the utilization of various sulfur-containing substrates, including diacetoxybenzenesulfonyl (DABSO), sulfonic acids, sodium sulfinates, sulfonyl chlorides, and thiophenols, in EDA-promoted sulfonylation and thiolation reactions, covering the works published since 2017 to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Background: Venous blood gas and acid-base analysis is often performed in cats and requires appropriate reference intervals (RIs) for interpretation. The currently available RIs were created from small numbers of cats, while current guidelines suggest that a minimum number of 40 samples is required for the creation of an accurate/appropriate RI.
Key Findings: In 41 healthy awake cats, pH, PCO, PO, sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, chloride, glucose, and plasma lactate concentrations were measured, while bicarbonate, standardized base excess, and anion gap were calculated.
Macromolecules
January 2025
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States.
This work explored solution properties of linear and star poly(methacrylic acids) with four, six, and eight arms (PMAA, 4PMAA, PMAA, and 8PMAA, respectively) of matched molecular weights in a wide range of pH, salt, and polymer concentrations. Experimental measurements of self-diffusion were performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and the results were interpreted using the scaling theory of polyelectrolyte solutions. While all PMAAs were pH sensitive and showed an increase in hydrodynamic radius ( ) with pH in the dilute regime, the of star polymers (measured at basic pH values) was significantly smaller for the star polyacids due to their more compact structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Technol Biotechnol
December 2024
Research Center for Appropriate Technology-National Research and Innovation Agency Jl. K.S. Tubun No. 5 Subang 41213, West Java, Indonesia.
Research Background: Porang ( Blume) contains a high amount of starch, glucomannan and Ca-oxalate. Soaking porang tuber in acid (citric acid) and salt (sodium chloride) solutions affects the Ca-oxalate content, functional, rheological and thermal properties of porang flour. The aim of this study is to thoroughly investigate the effect of soaking treatments in acid and salt solutions at different temperatures on the physicochemical, rheological and thermal properties, functional groups, molecular mass and morphology of porang flour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Sci
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Oats are a rich source of plant-based proteins owing to their nutritional value, diverse functions, and high abundance. However, traditional methods for extracting oat proteins (OPs), such as alkali solution acid precipitation (ASAP), can cause environmental pollution and potentially protein denaturation. In this work, we studied the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and deep eutectic system (DESys)-based methods for OP extraction.
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