Social bots are highly active on social media platforms, significantly affecting online discourse. We analyzed the dynamic nature of bot engagement related to Extinction Rebellion climate change protests in 2019. We found bots to impact human behavior more than the other way around during active discussions. To assess the causal impact of bot encounters, we compared communication histories of those who interacted with bots with matched users who did not. There is a consistent negative impact of bot encounters on subsequent sentiment. The impact on sentiment is conditional on the user's original support level, with a more negative impact on those with a favourable or neutral stance towards climate activism. Political 'astroturfing' bots induce an increase in human communications, while encounters with other bots result in a decrease. Bot encounters do not change activists' engagement levels in climate activism. Despite the seemingly minor impact of individual bot encounters, the cumulative effect is profound due to the large volume of bot communication. Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring the influence of social bots, as with new technological advancements distinguishing between bots and humans becomes ever more challenging.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-74032-0 | DOI Listing |
Front Psychol
October 2024
Department of Science, Technology & Society, School of Social Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
AI-enabled chatbots intended to build social relations with humans are becoming increasingly common in the marketplace, with millions of registered users using these chatbots as virtual companions or therapists. These chatbots make use of what is often called the "Eliza effect"-the tendency of human users to attribute human-like knowledge and understanding to a computer program. A common interpretation of this phenomenon is to consider this form of relating in terms of delusion, error, or deception, where the user misunderstands or forgets they are talking to a computer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Democracy Institute, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
J Exp Bot
August 2024
National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India.
Light and temperature are the two most variable environmental signals, which significantly regulate plant growth and development. Plants in the natural environment usually encounter warmer temperatures during the day and cooler temperatures at night, suggesting both light and temperature are closely linked signals. Due to global warming, it has become important to understand how light and temperature signaling pathways converge, and regulate plant development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biol
August 2024
Environmental Genomics, Christian-Albrechts University, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
When a pathogen invades a plant, it encounters a diverse microbiota with some members contributing to the health and growth of the plant host. So far, the relevance of interactions between pathogens and the plant microbiota are poorly understood; however, new lines of evidence suggest that pathogens play an important role in shaping the microbiome of their host during invasion. This review aims to summarize recent findings that document changes in microbial community composition during the invasion of filamentous pathogens in plant tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisabil Rehabil
July 2024
Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Purpose: To examine the burden of treatment (BoT) experienced by people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in Argentina.
Methods: Qualitative methodological design based on semi-structured interviews. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted (PwALS = 7, informal caregivers= 12).
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