Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a powerful orexigenic factor in the brain. However, mice lacking NPY or NPY receptor Y1 (NPY1R) have minimal changes in basal food intake. In a study published in Nature, Zhu et al. demystify this paradox and show that central and peripheral NPY have antipodal roles in energy homeostasis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2024.10.010 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Biological systems are complex, encompassing intertwined spatial, molecular and functional features. However, methodological constraints limit the completeness of information that can be extracted. Here, we report the development of INSIHGT, a non-destructive, accessible three-dimensional (3D) spatial biology method utilizing superchaotropes and host-guest chemistry to achieve homogeneous, deep penetration of macromolecular probes up to centimeter scales, providing reliable semi-quantitative signals throughout the tissue volume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropharmacology
December 2024
Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is the most abundant neuropeptide in the brain. It exerts anxiolytic and anticonvulsive actions, reduces stress and suppresses fear memory. While its effects at the behavioral and cellular levels have been well studied, much less is known about the modulation of physiological activity patterns at the network level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Rep
December 2024
Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
To investigate the role of appetite-related factors, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), irisin, interleukin 7 (IL-7), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and leptin, on appetite perception in males with obesity. Eleven males (BMI 35.3 ± 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
Background: Epidemiologic researches show that short sleep duration may affect feeding behaviors resulting in higher energy intake and increased risk of obesity, but the further mechanisms that can interpret the causality remain unclear. The circadian rhythm is fine-tuned by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as the master clock, which is essential for driving rhythms in food intake and energy metabolism through neuronal projections to the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN).
Results: We showed that chronic SD-induced aberrant expressions of AgRP/NPY and POMC attributed to compromised JAK/STAT3 signals and reduced energy expenditure in the mice, which can be rescued with AAV-genetic overexpression of BMAL1 into SCN.
Neurosci Bull
December 2024
Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
In the face of constantly changing environments, the central nervous system (CNS) rapidly and accurately calculates the body's needs, regulates feeding behavior, and maintains energy homeostasis. The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) plays a key role in this process, serving as a critical brain region for detecting nutrition-related hormones and regulating appetite and energy homeostasis. Agouti-related protein (AgRP)/neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the ARC are core elements that interact with other brain regions through a complex appetite-regulating network to comprehensively control energy homeostasis.
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