The direct selective oxyfunctionalization of C-H into C═O represents a highly useful, yet challenging, synthetic methodology. Herein, a one-step oxyfunctionalization of benzylic C-H into aryl ketone, with no overoxidation of the -OH functional group, is reported through mechanochemistry. The substrate scope is also tolerant of a wide range of different functional groups, providing a particularly sustainable yet widely adaptable route for the synthesis of aryl ketones, which represent both a classic synthetic precursor and a useful strategy for lignin monomer valorization. A series of mechanistic and spectroscopic investigations were also conducted to shed light on the unique C-H over -OH selectivity, opening up new avenues for oxidation chemistry.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c01950 | DOI Listing |
Biotechnol Adv
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
The selective oxyfunctionalization of unsaturated fatty acids is difficult in chemical reactions, whereas regio- and stereoselective oxyfunctionalization is often performed in biocatalytic synthesis. Fatty acid oxygenases, including hydratases, lipoxygenases, dioxygenases, diol synthases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, peroxygenases, and 12-hydroxylases, are used to convert C16 and C18 unsaturated fatty acids to diverse regio- and stereoselective mono-, di-, and trihydroxy fatty acids via selective oxyfunctionalization. The formed hydroxy fatty acids or hydroperoxy fatty acids are metabolized to industrially important oxygenated chemicals such as lactones, green leaf volatiles, and bioplastic monomers, including ω-hydroxy fatty acids, α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, and fatty alcohols, by biocatalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
Biol Chem
September 2024
Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, 9142 Ruhr University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are recognized as versatile biocatalysts due to their broad reaction capabilities. One important reaction is the hydroxylation of non-activated C-H bonds. The subfamily CYP153A is known for terminal hydroxylation reactions, giving access to functionalized aliphatics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Enzymol
September 2024
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Rieske non-heme iron-dependent oxygenases (ROs) are a versatile group of enzymes traditionally associated with the degradation of aromatic xenobiotics. In addition, ROs have been found to play key roles in natural product biosynthesis, displaying a wide catalytic diversity with typically high regio- and stereo- selectivity. However, the detailed characterization of ROs presents formidable challenges due to their complex structural and functional properties, including their multi-component composition, cofactor dependence, and susceptibility to reactive oxygen species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
Chemically inert hydrocarbons are the primary feedstocks used in the petrochemical industry and can be converted into more intricate and valuable chemicals. However, two major challenges impede this conversion process: selective activation of C-H bonds in hydrocarbons and systematic functionalization required to synthesize complex structures. To address these issues, we developed a multi-enzyme cascade conversion system based on internal cofactor and HO recycling to achieve the one-pot deep conversion from heptane to chiral (S)-2-aminoheptanoic acid under mild conditions.
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