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Nanoparticle radioenhancement offers a promising strategy for augmenting radiotherapy by locally increasing radiation damage to tumor tissue. While past research has predominantly focused on nanomaterials with high atomic numbers, such as Au and HfO, recent work has revealed that their radioenhancement efficacy decreases considerably when using clinically relevant megavoltage X-rays as opposed to the orthovoltage X-rays typically employed in research settings. Here, radiocatalytically active Ti-based nanomaterials for clinical X-ray therapy settings are designed. A range of candidate materials, including TiO (optionally decorated with Ag or Pt nanoseeds), Ti-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and 2D Ti-based carbides known as TiCT MXenes, is investigated. It is demonstrated that these titanium-based candidates remain consistently performant across a wide energy spectrum, from orthovoltage to megavoltage. This sustained performance is attributed to the catalytic generation of reactive oxygen species, moving beyond the simple physical dose enhancements associated with photoelectric effects. Beyond titania, emergent materials like titanium-based MOFs and MXenes exhibit encouraging results, achieving dose-enhancement factors of up to three in human soft tissue sarcoma cells. Notably, these enhancements are absent in healthy human fibroblast cells under similar conditions of particle uptake, underscoring the selective impact of titanium-based materials in augmenting radiotherapy across the clinically relevant spectral range.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406198 | DOI Listing |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653640 | PMC |
Chem Asian J
December 2024
University of Oklahoma, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 101 Stephenson Pkwy, Room 3310, 73019, Norman, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions are fundamental to energy storage and conversion processes. By coupling electrons with protons, the net charge neutrality is retained, preventing electrode decomposition due to charge imbalance. PCET reactions with equimolar amounts of protons and electrons can be considered as a net H-atom transfer (HAT) reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
The significant interest in perovskite oxides stems from their compositional and structural flexibility, particularly in the field of electrochemistry. In this study, the double E strategy (exsolution and electrodeposition strategies) is successfully devised for synthesizing perovskite-based bifunctional electrocatalysts, enabling simultaneous OER and HER applications with exceptional catalytic performance. The synthesized R-LCTFe/Ni catalyst exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity, delivering low overpotentials of 349 and 309 mV at 10 mA cm for OER and HER, respectively, indicating substantial improvements in the inherent electrocatalytic activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678 557, India.
MXenes are a class of two-dimensional nanomaterials with the general formula MXT, where M denotes a transition metal, X denotes either carbon or nitrogen and T refers to surface terminations, such as -OH, -O, -F or -Cl. The unique properties of MXenes, including their tunable surface chemistry and high surface area-to-volume ratio, make them promising candidates for various biomedical applications, such as targeted drug delivery, photothermal therapy and so on. Among the family of MXenes, titanium (Ti)-based MXenes, especially TiCT, have been extensively explored for biomedical applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
December 2024
Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Pakistan has a large, intensive broiler production industry, where antimicrobials are extensively used for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Monitoring antimicrobial use (AMU) at the farm level is crucial to guide interventions for antimicrobial stewardship. The objective of this study was to comprehensively quantify AMU on commercial broiler farms in Pakistan using different metrics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
December 2024
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Sepang, 43900, Malaysia.
Developing bifunctional electrocatalysts from earth-abundant first-row transition metals for large-scale hydrogen production through water electrolysis is both promising and challenging. This study presents a ternary layered double hydroxide (LDH) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and benzyl alcohol oxidation (BAOR). The synergy between 2D NiFeCo LDH and non-Ti-based NbCT MXene enhances electrochemical performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!