AI Article Synopsis

  • Azathioprine (AZA), commonly used for autoimmune disorders and organ transplants, shows potential for modern applications in viral, rheumatic, and skin diseases.
  • Advances in pharmacogenomics and nanotechnology may enhance AZA's effectiveness while reducing side effects, particularly by utilizing the active metabolites 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine.
  • The study suggests that personalized medicine approaches, including genetic testing and innovative drug delivery systems, can improve treatment outcomes for conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis.

Article Abstract

Azathioprine (AZA) has been extensively used for immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune disorders and transplantation. This article is proposed to review the contemporary and prospective use of AZA in viral, rheumatic, and dermatological disorders. The primary objective is to draw attention to possible developments in regards to AZA application in recent years, with an emphasis on the use of pharmacogenomics and nanotechnology to improve its efficacy in practice. This study reveals that AZA, having the active metabolites 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG), may be useful in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pemphigus vulgaris, and psoriasis. Pharmacogenomic testing of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) genotypes minimizes the occurrence of myelosuppression. Furthermore, new formulations of AZA using biocompatible polymers and nanoparticles for drug delivery were reported to improve its efficacy and lower systemic toxicity. This paper aims to establish the multifunctional nature of AZA in modern medicine, thus emphasizing its potential for other applications. Through the combination of pharmacogenomic analysis along with nanotechnology application, AZA makes the promise of enhancing patients' treatment efficacy and extending the stock of medical information available. These advancements offer new possibilities for application of precision medicine and improvements in the use of AZA therapy.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-024-03569-8DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

aza
9
contemporary prospective
8
azathioprine aza
8
aza viral
8
viral rheumatic
8
rheumatic dermatological
8
dermatological disorders
8
improve efficacy
8
prospective azathioprine
4
disorders review
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!