Anterior cruciate ligament injury occurrence, return to sport and subsequent injury in the Australian High Performance Sports System: A 5-year retrospective analysis.

Phys Ther Sport

Australian Institute of Sport Clinical Services, Leverrier St, Bruce, ACT, Australia; University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.

Published: October 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study analyzed ACL injury data from 2015 to 2020 in Australian high-performance athletes, revealing that 132 injuries occurred primarily in female athletes (77 of 108 total), with a significant number happening during training.
  • - The median time to return to sport (RTS) was 369 days, and older athletes had shorter RTS times, although injuries caused considerable time loss regardless of concurrent knee issues.
  • - Notably, 25.8% of the ACL injuries were subsequent to a previous injury, mainly affecting the same knee, indicating a need for improved prevention and rehabilitation strategies.

Article Abstract

Objectives: To report anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury occurrence, return to sport (RTS) timeframes and ACL subsequent injuries recorded in the Australian High Performance Sports System according to athlete sex.

Methods: ACL injury data of injured athletes were prospectively collected by the treating sports and exercise physicians and physiotherapists within the Australian High Performance Sports System between January 1, 2015 and May 31, 2020. RTS time frames for ACL injuries and the proportion of subsequent ACL injuries were calculated. The RTS time was compared between sexes, age groups and ACL injury categories using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: A total of 132 ACL injuries were reported in 108 athletes (77 female, 31 male). ACL injuries accounted for 6.4% of all reported knee injuries, with almost half (48.5%) of the ACL injuries reported to occur during training. Median RTS time was 369 days (IQR = 273-487), with RTS times reducing with increasing age (X (Zbrojkiewicz et al., 2018) = 11.781, p = 0.008). The presence of concurrent knee pathology did not significantly affect the RTS timeframes. ACL injuries were most frequently reported in netball, winter sports, basketball, field hockey and gymnastics. One quarter of the ACL reported (n = 34, 25.8%) were subsequent to a prior ACL injury, with the majority of these injuries occurring to the ipsilateral knee (n = 26) as opposed to contralateral knee (n = 6).

Conclusions: Despite ACL injuries accounting for a small proportion of all knee injuries reported in the Australian High Performance Sports System, more than a quarter are subsequent to a previous ACL injury. Shorter RTS times were observed in older athletes; however, considerable periods of time-loss occur as a consequence of ACL injuries. Effective primary prevention, rehabilitation processes, and ongoing tertiary prevention strategies are warranted in this population.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.10.001DOI Listing

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