Capsaicin injected into the lumen of the small intestine produced marked changes in mesenteric blood flow in anesthetized dogs. In the majority of cases capsaicin evoked a significant increase in mesenteric blood flow, the time-course of which indicated it was of a reflex nature. The response to capsaicin was completely abolished by a previous intraluminal application of the local anesthetic lidocaine, and was inhibited by an intraarterial injection of somatostatin. The present findings suggest that the effects of capsaicin may be related to a release of vasoactive peptides from afferent nerves associated with the vascular system of the gastrointestinal tract. It is concluded that capsaicin-sensitive mucosal afferent nerves, possibly provided with an axon reflex arrangement, may play a role in the regulation of local intestinal blood flow.
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