Complex emotion processing and early life adversity in the Healthy Brain Network sample.

Objective: Early life adversity (ELA) has shown to have negative impacts on mental health. One possible mechanism is through alterations in neural emotion processing. We sought to characterize how multiple indices of ELA were related to naturalistic neural socio-emotional processing.

Method: In 521 5-15-year-old participants from the Healthy Brain Network Biobank, we identified scenes that elicited activation of the Default Mode Network (DMN), Ventral Attention Network (VAN), Cingulo-Opercular Network (CON) and amygdala, all of which are networks shown to be associated with ELA. We used linear regression to examine associations between activation and ELA: negative parenting, social status, financial insecurity, neighborhood disadvantage, negative experiences, and parent psychopathology.

Results: We found DMN, VAN, CON and amygdala activation during sad/emotional, bonding, action, conflict, sad, or fearful scenes. Greater inconsistent discipline was associated with greater VAN activation during sad or emotional scenes.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that the DMN, VAN, CON networks and the amygdala support socio-emotional processing consistent with prior literature. Individuals who experienced inconsistent discipline may have greater sensitivity to parent-child separation signals. Since no other ELA-activation associations were found, it is possible that unpredictability may be more strongly associated with complex neural emotion processing than socio-economic status or negative life events.