Safety and efficacy of surgical revascularization with percutaneous ventricular assist device for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: Japanese national registry study.

Background: This study aims to assess the safety of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with percutaneous ventricular assist device (PVAD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1198 patients with AMI-CS from the J-PVAD registry, who underwent PVAD support using Impella® (Abiomed Inc., Danvers, MA) and subsequent revascularization between February 2020 and December 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on the method of coronary revascularization: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI, n = 1084) and CABG (n = 114). The study assessed short-term all-cause and cardiac-related mortality.

Results And Conclusion: The CABG group exhibited significantly lower short-term all-cause mortality compared with the PCI group (30-day: 26.2% vs. 39.9%, 90-day: 45.5% vs. 58.4%, log-rank p = 0.004). Short-term cardiac-related mortality was similar toward low in the CABG group compared with the PCI group (30-day: 18.7% vs. 25.6%, 90-day: 29.4% vs. 35.5%, log-rank p = 0.084). Multivariable analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model did not identify revascularization strategy as a risk factor for both all-cause mortality (Hazard ratio (HR): 0.743, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.457-1.208, p = 0.231) and cardiac-related mortality (HR: 0.762, 95% CI: 0.390-1.490, p = 0.427). These results were not attenuated even in subgroup analyses separately comparing CABG alone and hybrid therapy with PCI after propensity score matching. Thus, CABG can be a treatment option with feasible short-term outcomes in patients with AMI-CS under PVAD support.