Introduction: Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) accounts for 3-5 % of all ovarian malignancies, being the most common among those originating from the sex cords and ovarian stroma. GCTs can be divided into juvenile and adult types, with the latter occurring mostly in perimenopausal women. These hormonally active tumors present diverse clinical manifestations, primarily related to elevated estrogen levels. The treatment is primarily surgical; other methods, mainly chemotherapy, are also used.
Presentation Of Cases: Three cases highlight the heterogeneity of GCTs. Case 1 involved a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with ovarian tumor during routine gynecological follow-up. Stage IA GCT was diagnosed. Fertility-sparing surgery followed by chemotherapy led to a favorable outcome, including two pregnancies. Case 2 involved a postmenopausal woman with a large pelvic mass. Surgery revealed a Stage IA GCT. Chemotherapy was stopped early due to complications. Case 3 featured a 47-year-old with acute abdominal symptoms caused by a ruptured GCT, leading to emergency surgery and subsequent radical treatment.
Discussion: GCTs are hormonally active, causing symptoms such as abnormal bleeding or abdominal discomfort. Prognosis is generally favorable, especially in early-stage cases. Long-term surveillance is essential due to the potential for late recurrences. Fertility-sparing surgery is feasible in young patients, while chemotherapy is mainly used for advanced disease or recurrence.
Conclusion: GCTs, in addition to being rare, present with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Individualized treatment based on patient age, tumor stage, and fertility plans is crucial for favorable outcomes. Long-term monitoring is recommended due to the risk of late recurrence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.110549 | DOI Listing |
J Reprod Immunol
December 2024
School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive &Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611137, China; Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Electronic address:
Backgrounds: Recent studies have found Several lncRNAs were proved differential expression in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) patients, however, the mechanism of DOR caused by lncRNAs is still largely unclear.
Methods: High throughput sequencing was performed in ovarian GCs extracted from women with normal ovarian function and women with DOR. Bioinformation analysis was used to analyze the sequencing data and identify the differential expression of lncRNAs.
Poult Sci
December 2024
Shandong Provincial Key laboratory for Livestock Germplasm Innovation & Utilization, College of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China. Electronic address:
During ovary development, the dormant primordial follicles (PF) are stimulated and begin to develop into primary follicles (PrF), a process called follicle activation. Only activated follicles can continue to grow and release the eggs in the future, making the female animal fertile. The molecular events during PF activation are not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Traditional Chinese Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University (Changhai Hospital), 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
Chronic stress can adversely affect the female reproductive endocrine system, potentially leading to disorders and impairments in ovarian function. However, current research lacks comprehensive understanding regarding the biochemical characteristics and underlying mechanisms of ovarian damage induced by chronic stress. We established a stable chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) animal model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Sci
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
(AMK) as an oriental medicine has been used in the treatment of threatened abortion. (AT-I) is one of the major bioactive components of AMK. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AT-I on the secretion of estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) in feline ovarian granulosa cells (FOGCs), which is necessary for pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Sci
December 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China.
Yak (), a special breed of cattle on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has low fertility due to nutritional deficiency, especially the trace elements. The steroid hormones estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) synthesized by yak follicular granulosa cells (BGCs) are involved in the entire reproductive process. In the present study, we investigated the effects of trace elements and vitamins on yak follicular GCs, including the cellular activity, the synthesis of E2 and P4, and the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis.
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