AI Article Synopsis
- Plants face osmotic stresses, but the way they sense changes in osmolarity is still largely unknown.
- The protein Decapping 5 (DCP5) acts as an osmosensor that detects high osmolarity, undergoing structural changes that lead to phase separation and the formation of stress granules.
- These granules store mRNA and proteins, helping plants adapt to osmotic stress by altering their gene expression and protein synthesis.
Article Abstract
Plants are frequently challenged by osmotic stresses. How plant cells sense environmental osmolarity changes is not fully understood. We report that Decapping 5 (DCP5) functions as a multifunctional cytoplasmic osmosensor that senses and responds to extracellular hyperosmolarity. DCP5 harbors a plant-specific intramolecular crowding sensor (ICS) that undergoes conformational change and drives phase separation in response to osmotically intensified molecular crowding. Upon hyperosmolarity exposure, DCP5 rapidly and reversibly assembles to DCP5-enriched osmotic stress granules (DOSGs), which sequestrate plenty of mRNA and regulatory proteins, and thus adaptively reprograms both the translatome and transcriptome to facilitate plant osmotic stress adaptation. Our findings uncover a cytoplasmic osmosensing mechanism mediated by DCP5 with plant-specific molecular crowding sensitivity and suggest a stress sensory function for hyperosmotically induced stress granules.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adk9067 | DOI Listing |
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