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Autograft Choice and Jumping Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Comparative Study on Professional Athletes. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The extensor apparatus of the knee is crucial for generating torque in countermovement jumps, and graft harvesting during ACL reconstruction can impact strength and performance in jumping athletes.
  • - The study hypothesizes that focused jump training can help restore jumping performance after ACL reconstruction, regardless of whether the graft is taken from the bone-patellar tendon-bone or hamstring tendons.
  • - A cohort of 44 professional athletes was analyzed post-surgery, showing that the limb symmetry index for various jumping tests averaged between 85.3% and 92.2% at 90 days post-operation, indicating varied recovery levels in jumping ability.

Article Abstract

Background: The extensor apparatus of the knee is of paramount importance in generating the torque needed for a countermovement jump (CMJ), especially in jumping athletes. In anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) procedures, graft harvesting from the extensor apparatus may dramatically affect extensor strength and jumping performance.

Hypothesis: The focused jump training of professional jumping athletes would increase the likelihood of restoring jumping performance after ACLR, despite the graft choice (autologous bone-patellar tendon-bone [BPTB] or hamstring [HS] tendon).

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: A retrospective evaluation of prospectively collected data was carried out. Only professional athletes were included, and all surgical procedures were performed by a single experienced surgeon. Data collection considered the type of surgery, sports activity, and functional evaluation at 3 months after surgery. From the functional evaluation, data on single-leg hop (SLH) test, triple hop (TH) test, and CMJ were extracted. Limb symmetry index (LSI) for maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the quadriceps and for each of the jumping tests was calculated. Multiple analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were used to assess mean differences among groups for the LSI in CMJ, SLH, and TH and estimate the effect of confounders.

Results: From a subsequent series of 208 athletes, 44 professional athletes were included for data collection. Of these, 26 were male and 18 were female. A jumping sport (basketball, volleyball) was played by 17 athletes, while a running sport (soccer, judo, rugby, tennis, ski) was performed by 27 athletes. The mean time from injury to surgery was 17.8 ± 14.5 days. At 90 days from surgery, the overall mean LSI for CMJ was 85.3% ± 8.9%, for SLH was 92.2% ± 6.4%, and for TH was 90.8% ± 6.1%. When ANCOVA was fitted using the interaction term with BPTB autograft and jumping sport, a nonsignificant effect on LSI for CMJ ( = .56), SLH ( = .72), and TH ( = .98) was observed.

Conclusion: The results of the present investigation on professional athletes showed that no difference occurred within the study cohort in overall jumping performance between jumping and running athletes undergoing ACLR either with BPTB or with HS tendon grafts. Although some evidence suggests that quadriceps strength may be dramatically affected by the harvesting of BPTB, the overall performance of the jump was not compromised.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523165PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671241278690DOI Listing

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