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Characteristics of gut microbiota profiles in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) with gastrointestinal disorders.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand.
Colic and diarrhea are common gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in captive Asian elephants, which can severely impact health and lead to mortality. Gut dysbiosis, indicated by alterations in gut microbiome composition, can be observed in individuals with GI disorders. However, changes in gut microbial profiles of elephants with GI disorders have never been investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Rare Case of Idiopathic Megacolon and Megarectum.
Cureus
December 2024
General Surgery, King's College Hospital London, Dubai Hills, Dubai, ARE.
Idiopathic megacolon and megarectum are rare clinical conditions characterized by irreversible dilation of the colon and rectum without an identifiable organic cause. The underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood, though hypotheses suggest abnormalities in the enteric nervous system or smooth muscle dysfunction. These conditions present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in cases refractory to conservative treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Effectiveness of Caffeine in Reducing Constipation in Adults: A Systematic Review.
Int Urogynecol J
December 2024
Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Introduction And Hypothesis: Constipation is defined as infrequent stools/difficultly passing stools, or the sensation of incomplete emptying. The prevalence of constipation is estimated at 14% worldwide. Caffeine is believed to increase gastric motility in the colon, causing a laxative effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStool Impaction Preventing Obstetric Procedure: A Finding on MRI.
Am J Gastroenterol
October 2024
Center for Digestive Health, Dartmouth Health and Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon , New Hampshire, USA.
Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Caco-2 Cells and Ameliorates Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice.
J Microbiol Biotechnol
December 2024
Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
Gastrointestinal disorders are widespread globally, with inflammatory diseases being particularly prominent. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hot water extract (KCH) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells and loperamide-induced constipation in BALB/c mice. The study's findings revealed that KCH dose-dependently increased the cell viability and reduced the NO production by decreasing the iNOS and COX-2 expression in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells.
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