The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is increasing worldwide. Bone and joint TB are the most common types of extra-pulmonary TB, but can easily be misdiagnosed, since articular TB commonly mimics other joint diseases, including reactive and degenerative arthritis, and articular manifestations associated with systemic autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, patients with systemic auto-immune diseases are often more prone to mycobacterial infection. The diagnosis of joint TB can be made using a combination of the following methods: clinical evaluation, imaging, tuberculin skin test, interferon-gamma release assays, nucleic acid amplification tests, and Gene X-pert MTB/rifampicin assay.
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Bioinspired artificial antioxidases for efficient redox homeostasis and maxillofacial bone regeneration.
Nat Commun
January 2025
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Reconstructing large, inflammatory maxillofacial defects using stem cell-based therapy faces challenges from adverse microenvironments, including high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inadequate oxygen, and intensive inflammation. Here, inspired by the reaction mechanisms of intracellular antioxidant defense systems, we propose the de novo design of an artificial antioxidase using Ru-doped layered double hydroxide (Ru-hydroxide) for efficient redox homeostasis and maxillofacial bone regeneration. Our studies demonstrate that Ru-hydroxide consists hydroxyls-synergistic monoatomic Ru centers, which efficiently react with oxygen species and collaborate with hydroxyls for rapid proton and electron transfer, thus exhibiting efficient, broad-spectrum, and robust ROS scavenging performance.
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Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Department of Rheumatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.
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