Difficulties in diagnosing the cause of death have been widely discussed in the literature. However, studies on the quality assurance of the determination of the manner of death and the results of public prosecutor investigations are rare. In this study, data from six public health departments in Baden-Württemberg on all deaths from 2016-2018 were analyzed. Significant differences were found between the individual public prosecutor's districts with regard to the type of death determined during the medical post-mortem examination. In 6.3 [4.5-7.4]% of all deaths, the public prosecutor's offices initiated investigations. In 6.0 [4.3-8.5]% of these investigations, an autopsy was performed. A significant difference between the public prosecutor's districts could not be demonstrated in this regard.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2406-5457 | DOI Listing |
Front Sociol
December 2024
Institute of Criminology at the Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Legal decision-making aspires to be objective, a principle regarded as foundational to justice, public trust, and the legitimacy of legal outcomes. However, this ideal is often challenged by the reality of human judgment, which is influenced by subjective factors such as emotions, biases, and varying cognitive strategies. This paper investigates the psychological challenges faced by legal professionals in the context of sentencing, drawing on data from studies involving judges and prosecutors in Slovenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Lav
December 2024
Department of Health Sciences; Course of Research Doctorate in Public Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy/Occupational Health Unit, Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
The discovery of the detrimental effects of asbestos on human health came long after its widespread use, with the first scientific evidence of asbestos-related diseases emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Despite efforts to ban its use, asbestos continues to be mined and used in Central Asia (as well as in Russia, China, and other countries). To gain a deeper understanding of the situation in Central Asia, we have conducted a systematic review of scientific literature on the use of asbestos, exposure assessment, and health consequences of asbestos exposure in this geographic area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Cytisine is the active ingredient in preparations used for smoking cessation. Its popularity is attributed to its low cost, efficacy, and low incidence of adverse effects. Additionally, its easy over-the-counter availability is also significant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVict Offender
January 2024
School of Criminology and Justice Studies, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell MA. USA.
Justice-involved veterans return to civilian life with a variety of mental and physical health challenges that often go untreated and increase their risk for self-harm and involvement in the criminal-legal system. Veterans Treatment Courts (VTC) were created to respond to the unique problems of justice-involved veterans by attempting to coordinate services and support with the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
December 2024
Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman.
Background: To stay abreast of the best international practices, the Arab Gulf countries have ratified the United Nations which includes clauses on safeguarding the well-being of children against child abuse and neglect. The enactment of laws, policies, and facilities designed to protect the rights of the child has not yet been studied to determine whether it leads to appropriate legal dispositions against perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA) in Oman.
Aims: This study has been launched to address two interrelated objectives; (i) describe the characteristics of CSA victims and perpetrators and (ii) examine factors associated with medicolegal findings and judicial results for CSA complainants in Oman.
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