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Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale and associations with genetic risk in older adults. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study evaluates the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) to determine its effectiveness in measuring depression among older adults, specifically those aged 90+ and with cognitive impairments.
  • - Using data from two Finnish twin studies, the research found consistent factor structures across various CES-D versions and confirmed their applicability for different age and cognitive statuses.
  • - Findings indicate that higher genetic risk for major depressive disorder correlates with increased depressive symptoms, suggesting that the CES-D can effectively assess depression in older populations.

Article Abstract

Background: As populations are aging, it needs to be ensured that valid depression rating scales are available across old adulthood. Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) is a common depression rating scale, however, few studies have assessed its validity in individuals with age over 90 and/or cognitive impairment. We examined the factor structures of 20-, 15-, and 8-item CES-D scales, their measurement invariance for age and cognition, and associations with genetic risk of depression.

Methods: Participants were from a population-based older Finnish Twin Cohort study including 71-79-year-olds from the MEMTWIN II (n = 1034 for exploratory and n = 664 for confirmatory factor analyses) and 90+ year-olds from the NONAGINTA (n = 134, confirmatory factor analyses) sub-studies. Associations of polygenic risk score of major depressive disorder (MDD-PRS) with CES-D scales were examined in MEMTWIN II.

Results: Exploratory factor analyses (n = 1034) suggested four- (CES-D 20) and three-factor (CES-D 8) structures and these models fit well in confirmatory analyses (n = 664). Unidimensional models had good (CES-D 15 & 20) or fair fit (CES-D 8). Results supported scalar invariance of all CES-D versions for age and cognitive status. Higher MDD-PRS was associated with more depressive symptoms in different CES-D versions.

Conclusions: Different CES-D versions are adequate for measuring depressive symptoms across age groups and cognitive spectrum in old age. Genetic risk of depression predicts depressive symptoms even in old age.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515990PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0312194PLOS

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