AI Article Synopsis
- A 40-year-old Japanese man with HIV experienced a decline in consciousness after two years of not receiving treatment, showing severe weight loss and a critically low CD4+ lymphocyte count.
- He was diagnosed with disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection and pneumocystis pneumonia, and a brain biopsy confirmed varicella zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis.
- The patient was treated with antiretroviral therapy and intravenous acyclovir, leading to survival but with ongoing neurological complications; VZV encephalitis is rare and carries a poor prognosis in AIDS patients.
Article Abstract
A 40-year-old Japanese man with human immunodeficiency virus presented with disturbance of consciousness 2 years after dropping out. He was emaciated without any zoster skin lesions, and his CD4+ lymphocyte count was 4 cells/μL. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection and pneumocystis pneumonia were diagnosed, and a brain biopsy revealed varicella zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis with multiple real-time polymerase chain reaction tests and immunochemistry. Antiretroviral therapy and intravenous acyclovir were administered, and the patient survived with neurological sequelae. VZV encephalitis is rare, particularly among people with AIDS, but it is a significant disease with a poor prognosis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4212-24 | DOI Listing |
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