Effect of EV71 Vaccination on Transmission Dynamics of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and Its Epidemic Prevention Threshold.

Vaccines (Basel)

Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • This study aimed to evaluate how Enterovirus A71 (EV71) vaccination affects the spread of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by various virus types in Zhejiang, China, over a three-year period.
  • Researchers gathered daily HFMD and EV71 vaccination data, estimating the effective reproduction number (R) to assess the epidemic's intensity and using general additive models to analyze the relationship between vaccination rates and HFMD transmission.
  • Results indicated that vaccinating more children could significantly reduce EV71-related HFMD cases, but it also correlated with a slight increase in transmission risk for other types of HFMD, emphasizing the need for higher vaccination rates to control EV71 epidemics effectively.

Article Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of Enterovirus A71 (EV71) vaccination on the transmissibility of different enterovirus serotypes of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Zhejiang, China.

Methods: Daily surveillance data of HFMD and EV71 vaccination from August 2016 to December 2019 were collected. Epidemic periods for each HFMD type were defined, and the time-varying effective reproduction number (R) was estimated, which could provide more direct evidence of disease epidemics than case number. General additive models (GAMs) were employed to analyze associations between EV71 vaccination quantity and rate and HFMD transmissibility. The epidemic prevention threshold, represented by required vaccination numbers and rates, was also estimated.

Results: Vaccinating every 100,000 children ≤ 5 years could lead to a decrease in the of EV71-associated HFMD by 14.44% (95%CI: 6.76%, 21.42%). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between vaccinations among children ≤ 5 years old (per 100,000) and the increased transmissibility of other HFMD types (caused by enteroviruses other than EV71 and CA16) at 1.82% (95%CI: 0.80%, 2.84%). It was estimated that an additional 362,381 vaccinations, corresponding to increased vaccine coverage to 54.51% among children ≤ 5 years could effectively prevent EV71 epidemics in Zhejiang.

Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of enhancing EV71 vaccine coverage for controlling the epidemic of EV71-HFMD and assisting government officials in developing strategies to prevent HFMD.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511198PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12101166DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

ev71 vaccination
16
children ≤
12
≤ years
12
hand foot
8
foot mouth
8
mouth disease
8
epidemic prevention
8
prevention threshold
8
vaccine coverage
8
ev71
7

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!