HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) impedes treatment and control of HIV-1, especially in high-prevalence settings such as KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa. This study merged routine HIV-1 genotypic resistance test (GRT) data with Geographic Information Systems coordinates to assess patterns and geographic distribution of HIVDR in KZN, among ART-experienced adults with virological failure. We curated 3133 GRT records generated between 1 January 2018 and 30 June 2022, which includes the early phase of dolutegravir (DTG) rollout, of which 2735 (87.30%) had HIVDR. Of the 2735, major protease, nucleoside, and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations were detected in 41.24%, 84.97% and 88.08% of GRTs, respectively. Additional genotyping of HIV-1 for 41/3133 (1.31%) GRTs showed that 17/41 (41.46%) had integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance. Notably, of 26 patients on DTG with genotyping, 9 (34.62%) had DTG-associated resistance mutations. Dual- or triple-class resistance was observed in four of every five GRTs. The odds of HIVDR increased significantly with age, with ≥60 years having 5 times higher odds of HIVDR compared to 18-29 years ( = 0.001). We identified geospatial differences in the burden of HIVDR, providing proof of concept that this could be used for data-driven public health decision making. Ongoing real-time HIVDR surveillance is essential for evaluating the outcomes of the updated South African HIV treatment programme.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512327 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16101634 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Efficacy of dolutegravir plus lamivudine in treatment-naive people living with HIV without baseline drug-resistance testing available (D2ARLING): 48-week results of a phase 4, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial.
Lancet HIV
January 2025
Fundación IDEAA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Background: Dolutegravir plus lamivudine has emerged as a preferred treatment for HIV; however, initiating this regimen without baseline resistance testing raises concerns about the potential presence of pretreatment lamivudine resistance. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dolutegravir plus lamivudine in the absence of information on baseline resistance testing in treatment-naive people with HIV.
Methods: We did an open-label, non-inferiority, single-centre, phase 4, randomised controlled study (D2ARLING), designed to assess the efficacy and safety of dolutegravir plus lamivudine in treatment-naive people with HIV with no available baseline resistance testing.
Structural development of the HIV-1 apex-directed PGT145-PGDM1400 antibody lineage.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. Electronic address:
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the apex of the HIV-1-envelope (Env) trimer comprise the most potent category of HIV-1 bNAbs and have emerged as promising therapeutics. Here, we investigate the development of the HIV-1 apex-directed PGT145-PGDM1400 antibody lineage and report cryo-EM structures at 3.4 Å resolution of PGDM1400 and of an improved PGT145 variant (PGT145-R100aS), each bound to the BG505 Env trimer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
Background: The study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics, the variations in their immune status, and mortality risk among HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors (LTNP).
Methods: Eligible LTNP and typical progressors (TP) were recruited in Guangxi by December 2018. Participants were followed up until December 2022, monitoring ART status, CD4 T cell counts, and survival/death outcomes.
OLAgen: A Software Tool for Reagent Design to Expand Access to Single-Nucleotide Variant Detection by the Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay.
J Mol Diagn
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address:
Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and polymorphisms are characteristic biomarkers in various biological contexts, including pathogen drug resistances and human diseases. Tools that lower the implementation barrier of molecular SNV detection methods would provide greater leverage of the expanding single-nucleotide polymorphism/SNV database. The oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) is a highly specific means for detection of known SNVs and is especially powerful when coupled with PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactivation of latent HIV-1 by the glucocorticoid receptor modulator AZD9567.
J Virol
January 2025
Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
One key determinant of HIV-1 latency reversal is the activation of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) by cellular transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1. Interestingly, the activity of these two transcription factors can be modulated by glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Furthermore, the HIV-1 genome contains multiple binding sites for GRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!